October 31, 2005

More Media Photo Bias

Via a tip from a reader...

Just when you though the media would have learned from USA Today's manipulating of photos of the Secretary of State, the New York Times run a photo in this article that gives conservative Supreme Court nominee Samuel A. Alito a sickly green pallor.



Is this an accident, incompetence on the part of the NY Times, or a deliberate act by a liberal news organization to taint a conservative Supreme Court nominee?

This photo clearly violates the National Press Photographers Association Code of Ethics and Articles I, IV, V, and VI of the American Society of Newspaper Editors Statement of Principles.

We can hope that the Times will correct this image and print an apology similar to that of USA Today's.

Cross-posted at Newsbusters.org.

Update: The photo has now been removed from the NY Times story, without a retraction.

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October 26, 2005

Slitting Their Wrists With Occam's Razor

In response to this morning's post on photo ethics at USA Today, USA Today Vice President and Editor-in-Chief Kinsey Wilson dropped by this humble blog and left the following comment:


I'd like to explain how that happened. USATODAY.com, like other news organizations, often adjusts photos for sharpness and brightness to optimize their appearance when published online. In this case, a USATODAY.com editor sharpened the photo and then brightened a portion of Rice's face. Those changes had the effect of distorting the photo and failed to meet our editorial standards for accuracy and integrity. The photo has been replaced with a properly adjusted copy and an editor's note has been published here: http://www.usatoday.com/news/washington/2005-10-19-rice-congress_x.htm. The photo did not appear in the USA TODAY newspaper.


The editors of USATODAY.com will make every effort to ensure that something like this doesn't happen again.


Kinsey Wilson
VP/Editor-in-Chief
USATODAY.com

I am very thankful for Wilson's direct response. It is rare for a media officer to respond directly to a blogger, and rarer still to admit that mistakes, indeed, distortions, were made and published.

But I humbly suggest that the techniques cited by Mr. Wilson are not the most likely techniques used to develop the now infamous Rice manipulations. The actual techniques were probably both less sophisticated, and more intentional in design than USA Today would have us believe.

To borrow one of the more popular interpretations of principal of Occam's Razor, "when you have two competing theories which make exactly the same predictions, the one that is simpler is the better."

In other words, the most direct route is often the most likely process, and the process USA Today's Wilson would have us believe created this photo is not the most direct, nor the most logical.

But let's start with what we know.

This is the photo that USA Today originally ran in this article.

It has since been replaced by this image.

The area of manipulation in this photo is on Rice's face, specifically her eyes. Look at the USA Today's manipulated version at 400% enlargement.

Notice that while the eyes and eyelids are heavily manipulated, other areas appear untouched, even if blurry from being blown up to this scale. Now let's take a look at how this photo could have been manipulated in the easiest possible manner.

In the various graphics applications that I've used over the years (Photoshop, Fireworks, Paint Shop Pro), there has always been a "paint bucket" fill tool. The paint bucket fill is just that, a tool that enables the user to "dump" a selected color in an area to fill it.

I created the following image using the replacement image now on the USA Today site.

Now compare:

The image on the left was created in less than 30 seconds using nothing more than the paint bucket fill tool in Fireworks to create something very similar to the "Zombie Rice" photo that was created in-house, and made its way past a photo editor (and perhaps others) and onto USATODAY.com.

When scaled back down, it is all but impossible to tell the difference between the 30 second paint bucket dump and resize, versus USA Today's claim of selecting a specific region of the photo, sharpening it, and then brightening it, to accidentally produce an unflattering photo.

Using Occam's razor, I'd suggest that it was unlikely that USA Today would spend a great deal of time to enhance such a small photo. I future suggest that the end result of USA Today's manipulated photo was quite possibly intentional, and accomplished by a "quick and dirty" technique similar to the one I used.

Now the most important question is how this intentionally manipulated image was created at USA Today, was placed into a story, made it past a photo editor, possibly a content editor, and into production. How did this photo manage to get past several layers of editorial review? Multiple instances of incompetence, or a wink and a nod?

Ethically, there is no excuse for this image making it online. Photographers and editors have a responsibility to the integrity of a photo and the personalities in those photos. Most news organizations take this responsibility very seriously, and photo editors have been dismissed for far less obvious offenses including this example from the Los Angeles Times.

This manipulated image specifically violates the National Press Photographers Association Digital Manipulation Code of Ethics, adopted in1991 by the NPPA Board of Directors:


As journalists we believe the guiding principle of our profession is accuracy; therefore, we believe it is wrong to alter the content of a photograph in any way that deceives the public.

As photojournalists, we have the responsibility to document society and to preserve its images as a matter of historical record. It is clear that the emerging electronic technologies provide new challenges to the integrity of photographic images ... in light of this, we the National Press Photographers Association, reaffirm the basis of our ethics: Accurate representation is the benchmark of our profession. We believe photojournalistic guidelines for fair and accurate reporting should be the criteria for judging what may be done electronically to a photograph. Altering the editorial content ... is a breach of the ethical standards recognized by the NPPA.

USA Today clearly violated these long established guidelines. It remains to be seen how much they actually value the ethics and editorial standards they claim to adhere to.


Notes
Much more from Michelle Malkin's follow up post, USA TODAY REMOVES DOCTORED PHOTO. Malkin's original post DEMONIZING CONDI. My response to Malkin's original post Photo Ethics Eludes USA Today.

Update: Classical Values conducted a similar Photoshopping experiment. California Conservative offers up a version every bit as credible as the original.

From the Pen seems to have beaten us all to the story, but I don't know if I agree with Dan Riehl's assessment of the origins.

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Photo Ethics Eludes USA Today

Michelle Malkin busts the photo editor of USA Today for manipulating a photo of Secretary of State Condoleeza Rice in a way that makes Dr. Rice look just a wee bit possessed.

As she notes, Richard Curtis is USAT's Graphics and Photos Managing Editor, and while I don't know if he directly had a hand in deciding to run the doctored photo, he is ultimately responsible for a manipulation that would appear to be a violation of most people's concept of photo ethics (If you have a problem seeing this ethics violation, slap a pair of Linda Blair eyes on Hillary Clinton or Jesse Jackson and you should be able to suddenly see it clearly).

What are responsible photo ethics? When is it acceptable to manipulate photos, and to what extent? Fred Showker at 60 Second Window has a wonderful practical guide for photo ethics, which defines in part what acceptable photo ethics entail:


editing procedures are allowed to compensate for limitations and defects inherent in the digital photographic process. However, the editor must be diligent to protect the photo's true-to-life accuracy.


And isn't:


For the sake of representing honest and accurate information, the digital editor should avoid anything that will change the actual event or scene as it was captured by the camera. This includes adding, removing or moving objects in such a way that the context of the event is altered. The digital image editor must be careful to let the photos speak for themselves. So it's not permissible to alter any aspect of place or time -- like removing wrinkles or gray hair. Additionally they should never enhance or distract from the apparent quality or desirability of a subject, or the aesthetics of a place.

It is quite clear that USA Today violated these guidelines, creating an image that was a misleading, decidedly negative representation of an individual. The person or persons who directly manipulated this photo and the person who allowed it to run should be disciplined, and possibly terminated for a gross and deliberate abuse of journalistic integrity.

Now is when we will discover if USA Today is a responsible news organization, or a tabloid. The ball is in your court, Mr. Curtis.

(Cross-posted to NewsBusters.org)

Update: Horrible, pre-coffee grammer cleaned up.

Update #2: Welcome Matt Drudge/Michelle Malkin/Instapundit readers to my little corner of the web. Confederate Yankee usually writes about politics and media bias, and you caught us on one of those media bias stories. We're currently soliciting funds to replace an aging (circa 2001) computer, and if you have a few bucks to spare, it would be greatly appreciated.

If you want to know more about Confederate Yankee before you donate, please visit the main page for more articles.

Thanks!







Update #3: Horrible, post-coffee oversight of the incorrect spelling of grammar as "grammer" cleaned up.

Update #4: Please read the updated follow-up post "Slitting Their Wrists with Occam's Razor."

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October 22, 2005

Hey, It's Only Genocide...

After reading this post at Michelle Malkin's site, I felt a bit embarrassed that a story like this happened on my turf, and I completely missed it. I shouldn't have felt bad, because our local North Carolina media was doing all it could to ignore the story of a former North Carolina State visiting professor who called for nothing less than the genocide of every last white person on the planet.


Dr. Kamau Kambon

The Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill area, collectively known as the Triangle, has a handful of major regional media. Those I frequent are:

There is also NBC 17 television news, which I don't watch ( I have no bias agains it, but I can only watch so many local news programs).

As expected, the area also has a slew of smaller media including alternative and college newspapers, the local NPR affiliate, and even a rumored Air America outlet, though I don't know of anyone that has actually heard it. Collectively, they have little overall community impact.

Of the regional media I monitor --The News and Observer, WRAL-TV, WTVD-TV, and WPTF, only the Bill Lumay show on WPTF talk radio discussed the story before Malkin's Friday column, with a segment on Thursday afternoon.

Using Malkin's post as a template (but not using her as a direct source to keep from offending tender liberal sensitivities), I alerted the N&O, WRAL, WTVD, and WPTF radio of the story via email.


I'd missed WPTF talk radio earlier in the week, but the host himself, Bill Lumay sent back an email confirming they'd discussed the issue on Thursday afternoon.

The News & Observer, ran a story today, and actually credited bloggers with fanning the flames.

To date neither of the regional television news stations, WPTF-TV (Durham) or WRAL-TV (Raleigh), have deemed to give this story any notice at all.

Nationally, on the Washington Times has given this story mention in an editorial today.

In North Carolina, the only other mention of Kamau Kambon was in passing in the Wilmington Journal, "Part of the BlackPressUSA Network," which was happy to mention that:


Dr. Kamau Kambon, co-director of the Bennu Cultural Center and Blacknificent Books and More in Raleigh, spoke at a pre-Millions More Movement conference at Howard University on developing new black media for effective activism, that was carried by C-SPAN last Friday.

Dr. Kambon said the black community must develop new systems of ensuring not only bits [sic] survival, but liberation, as it faces the challenges ahead.

Apparently the reporter, Cash Michaels, didn't think that the "exterminate white people" portion of Kamon's C-SPAN commentary was worth mentioning, unless that is what he meant with his comment about how the black community could ensure it's survival.

Apparently in this day and age, it is fine to be a genocidal racist psychopath, just as long as you happen to have the right skin color and ideology.

Note: Jeff Goldstein at Protein Wisdom interviewed Kamon yesterday.

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October 18, 2005

Responsible Journalism

Sometimes, journalists simply flub a key fact, as did San Francisco Chronicle Washington correspondent Edward Epstein in this article about Saturday's constitutional referendum in Iraq:


Analysts do not see an end to Iraq's nonstop jockeying among competing ethnic and religious groups or to an insurgency that is averaging 570 attacks a day, despite voters' apparent approval of a new constitution on Saturday.

Epstein claimed that terrorists in Iraq were averaging 570 attacks each day in Iraq. When I emailed him asking for the source of this staggering figure, he quickly responded:


From latest CSIS report:

"The Bush administration's Oct. 2005 report to Congress does not show any decline in the number of attacks before the referendum. They totaled some 570 a week during 29 Aug. to October 2005. This compares with about 470 during 12 Feb-28 Aug.'"

When I pointed out that the report was claiming 570 attacks a week, not a day, (a difference of 3,420 attacks a week), Epstein quipped:


Where were you yesterday, so you could have caught that mistake?

Thanks, we'll run a correction tomorrow.

Professionals and amateurs alike, we all make mistakes from time to time in the stories we write. A certain columnist at the NY Times could learn a lot from Mr. Epstein on how to handle those mistakes.

Cross-posted at NewsBusters.org. more...

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Bats in the Belfry, Rove in the Garage

Associated Press writer Darlene Superville, who first gained critical acclaim for her whimsical Plasterer's Digest expose, "Cheney: A Study in Stucco," and turned heads with the tawdry American Builder Weekly home foundations article, "What's in Condi's Crawlspace?" has now turned out her finest work yet in the riveting, "Rove: A KingBuilders Garage:"



He is "the architect" who steered George W. Bush to victory four times, twice as Texas governor and twice as president.

But can Karl Rove organize his own garage? Can the master of Bush's political planning figure out where to put the ladders, paint cans and cardboard boxes?

Engrossing, isn't it? Just the kind of stellar reporting you've come to expect from the Associated Press. But that's not all the sordid detail Superville has to offer:


There was no car in the garage. And the stuff left behind turned out not to be much different from what gathers dust inside most American garages.

The inventory, seen from outside:

_Some cardboard file boxes stacked one on top of the other, labeled "Box 6," "Box 4" and what appears to be "Box 7." No sign of boxes 1, 2, 3 and 5.

Could it be possible? Are these the same "boxes 1, 2, 3 and 5" that a secret operative of "G.W" removed just last week, claiming that the only contained jeans and assorted ties? Was there in fact a spotted blue dress? Has Patrick Fitzgerald Fitzgerald Patrick been notified?


What appear to be paint cans stacked alongside a folded, folding chair.

Are these really paint cans, or are they the WMDs planted in Uncle Saddam's Happy Fun Palace, used to justify an illegal and immoral war to force democracy upon unwilling Iraqi torturers, and then smuggled back to Rove's lair for later use against Syria or Finland?


A rather large wood crate marked "FRAGILE" and painted with arrows indicating which way is up.

Could she verify that this crate contained the stolen and almost mythical Daily Kos Plan For Taking Over The Democratic Leadership Council?


On top of the crate, two coolers.

Uday? Qusay? Oh, Bartleby! Oh, humanity!


A tall aluminum ladder.

Because the ice caps are melting and sea level is rising! Proof of global warming!


A snow shovel leaned in front of another cardboard box.

Because the ice sheets are returning and glaciers are coming! Proof of global cooling!


Wicker baskets inside of wicker baskets on top of a shelf running the length of the rear wall. Transparent plastic storage bins crammed with indiscernible stuff. Another cardboard box.

Is it really "indiscernible stuff," or Ohio ballots carefully hidden from Keith Olbermann among the Longaberger?


In one corner, the rear wheel of a bicycle sticks out, along with what appears to be a helmet.

Just a reminder of who's really in charge, eh George?


Another ladder, this one green, leaning sideways.

Leaning right, you devious shill.

I can hardly wait for Somerville's next article, "Scooter Libby's Private Privy."


Update: Don Surber has similar thoughts.

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October 16, 2005

"Blair" Witch




Judith Miller: The New York Times "Blair" Witch

via Editor & Publisher:


Saturday's Times article, [my link] without calling for Miller's dismissal, or Keller's apology, made the case for both actions in this pithy, frank, and brutal assessment: "The Times incurred millions of dollars in legal fees in Ms. Miller's case. It limited its own ability to cover aspects of one of the biggest scandals of the day. Even as the paper asked for the public's support, it was unable to answer its questions."

It followed that paragraph with Keller's view: "It's too early to judge."

Like Keller says, make of it what you will. My view: Miller did far more damage to her newspaper than did Jayson Blair, and that's not even counting her WMD reporting, which hurt and embarrassed the paper in other ways.

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October 11, 2005

Accuracy ni Media

If you a member of the media and you intend to snipe at a critic over the quality of localized newspaper reporting, you might want to start by not mischaracterizing what he says.

Jay Rosen of PressThink takes News and Observer Executive Editor Melanie Sill to task on her blog for getting it wrong.

John in Carolina has more.

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October 06, 2005

Lies of Omission

The same story that rendered this little gem from Cindy Sheehan also has one heck of a finish.

Via the Tucson Citizen:


Sheehan is a Californian whose soldier son, Casey, was killed in Iraq in April 2004.

Along with winning supporters, she has provoked vitriolic reactions as Americans disagree over the war. Sheehan clarified an oft-quoted remark that has brought intense criticism.

When she said, "This country isn't worth dying for," she was referring to Iraq, she said.

"I believe America is worth dying for."

Sadly, that isn't the truth. It isn't even close.

From Lee Kaplan's article "SFSU Hosts a Terrorist" we draw the full quote, in context:


Cindy Sheehan followed this act. Wearing a sweatshirt advertising the website for United for Peace and Justice, Sheehan was interviewed outside just before the meeting by an ABC-TV news reporter. Sheehan said then that military recruiters should not be allowed on college campuses, maintaining they trick naïve 18-year-olds with offers of money and scholarships. Tragically, Cindy Sheehan lost her son Casey who was in the Army and was killed two weeks after arriving in Iraq. She claimed he was promised a job as a chaplain's assistant although once in the service was placed in a combat role and killed, certainly a moving story – one she exploits to promote venomous anti-Americanism. “George Bush and his neo-conservatives killed my son,” she said tearing up a bit. “America has been killing people on this continent since it was started. This country is not worth dying for.” [italics mine]

She was obviously talking about America not being worth dying for. Iraq was never part of the conversation.

What is even more interesting about this Tucson Citizen article is that it appears to have been created by lifting selected pieces of this Arizona Republic article using what your elementary school teacher would have considered plagiarism, but journalists call precis. The Citizen staff apparently didn't think the Republic article was biased enough, and so they slanted it even further left by picking an choosing which parts of the Republic article to quote.

Cindy Sheehan blatantly lied to try to cover up her anti-Americanism. The Arizona Republic and Tucson Citizen must have known the Kaplan article was the source of the original claim, and yet refused to challenge Mrs. Sheehan's historical revisionism.

They seem to be operating on the unwritten rule, "You lie, and I'll swear to it."

No wonder newspaper readerships are in decline.

Cross-posted to NewsBusters.

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October 03, 2005

Protest Advertising at the Sun?

More than a few people think that this story is just the latest example of political cowardice in the face of encroaching Islamic cultural aggression in Great Britain:


NOVELTY pig calendars and toys have been banned from a council office — in case they offend Muslim staff.

Workers in the benefits department at Dudley Council, West Midlands, were told to remove or cover up all pig-related items, including toys, porcelain figures, calendars and even a tissue box featuring Winnie the Pooh and Piglet.

That said, the advertising staff at The Sun seems to have found a subtle way to make their feelings about the situation known. Look closely:

Accompanying the article is an advertisement for the movie Kingdom of Heaven, a film about the Crusades.

Ahem.

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